Investigating energy performance of large-scale seasonal storage in the district heating system of chifeng city: Measurements and model-based analysis of operation strategies

• A comprehensive overview of various modeling methods for BTES is presented. Validated against the TRNSYS DST model and real-life monitoring data. Three operation strategies in DH system are investigated. Six building insulation weather scenarios to increase results' robustness. The time-scheduled combined control strategy more beneficial among all scenarios. This paper presents a simulation method that supports energy performance assessment investigation borehole thermal storage Chifeng district heating (DH) system. living laboratory Chifeng, China integrates 0.5 million m 3 system, an on-site solar plant excess heat from copper research adopts Modelica models open source libraries evaluate validity evaluated through inter-model comparison study empirical validation test. We used validated investigate three strategies. conclude studied regarding CO 2 emission reduction.